Published in Global Networks in February 2025, the study is based on 72 interviews conducted over seven months, revealing a shift from short-term survival strategies to more complex and evolving migration plans.

The research by SSE Riga researchers offers key insights into the experiences of Ukrainian refugees in Latvia during the early stages of their displacement, particularly in the first seven months following the Russian invasion.

Many Ukrainian refugees initially viewed their stay in Latvia as temporary, expecting a quick return home. However, as the war persisted, their perspectives shifted, and long-term settlement became a consideration.

Pre-existing and newly formed social networks played a crucial role in shaping migration decisions. These connections helped refugees secure housing, employment, and integration opportunities, significantly influencing their settlement experiences.

The decision to stay in Latvia, return to Ukraine, or move elsewhere remains highly dynamic. Factors such as the war’s progression, available support in Latvia, and family circumstances — especially separation from loved ones — continue to shape these choices.

The study highlights a strong sense of liminality — a feeling of being caught between Latvia and Ukraine, with many struggling to plan for the future. It underscores that migration is not a single event but an ongoing process shaped by external circumstances and personal connections.

As Latvia continues to support displaced Ukrainians, these findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers and humanitarian efforts.

Read the full study in Global Networks (Vol. 25, Issue 2)